Performance improvement potential of sensor embedded products in environmental supply chains

Environmental supply chain is a desirable alternative to traditional supply chain due to new and stricter environmental regulations by local governments and increasing consumer awareness towards environmental issues. The two most common types of environmental supply chains are reverse supply chains and closed-loop supply chains. In reverse or closed-loop supply chains, collected used products are subjected to one of four recovery options, viz., reuse, recycling, remanufacturing or disposal. Regardless of the chosen recovery option, all products are disassembled up to some level. However, there is a high level of uncertainty associated with the disassembly yield due to non-functional and/or missing components. Sensor embedded products (SEPs) is a viable approach to cope with this uncertainty since they involve sensors which can detect non-functional and/or missing components prior to disassembly. This study presents a quantitative assessment of the impact of SEPs on the various performance measures of a kanban-controlled disassembly line. First, separate design of experiments studies based on Orthogonal Arrays are carried out for conventional products and SEPs. Then, the results of paired t-tests comparing the two cases based on different performance measures are presented.     

浅谈大学生诚信教育

诚实守信是中华民族的传统美德,是做人的基本道德标准之一。然而,在市场经济的影响下,在社会处于转轨时期的历史条件下,大学生诚信却存在着不少不尽如人意的地方,其产生原因主要是社会环境、学校教育以及家庭教育之间存在着缺失。鉴于此,应从课堂、教师、校园、社会、法制等方面入手,制造诚信氛围,加强大学生的诚信教育。     

中国不同城市群的经济社会与环境可持续发展协调度分析

采用定量为主和定量定性相结合的分析方法,研究了中国不同城市群的经济社会与环境协调度。通过分析发现：第一,中国城市经济社会环境整体协调度不高,绝大部分属于轻度失调类,经济发展是其主要影响因素;第二,协调度呈现出由东部沿海城市向内陆城市递减的梯度变化,而社会与经济的滞后性影响力却呈现出东高西低的现象;第三,协调度呈现＂三高两低＂的城市集聚格局,其中3个协调度高值城市集聚群分别位于珠三角、长三角、环渤海地区;2个协调度低值城市集聚群位于内陆中部地区。     

包埋反硝化填料强化二级出水深度脱氮性能研究及中试应用

利用包埋广谱性高效反硝化填料处理城市污水厂二级出水,可有效降低出水总氮(TN)浓度,本研究共分为两部分,D1阶段研究了包埋反硝化填料对污水厂二级出水的适应性、TN去除效果、稳定运行及填料反冲洗的工况条件; D2阶段研究了填料在中试条件下稳定运行1 a脱氮性能的变化,并通过高通量测序和荧光定量分析(q PCR)手段,研究对比了包埋填料运行前后微生物种群的变化规律.通过研究发现,包埋反硝化填料在水温为(24±1)℃、pH为7. 1、HRT为1 h和填充率为10%,投加乙酸钠保证碳源充足的条件下稳定运行7 d,即可适应二级出水水质,实现出水总氮5 mg·L~(-1).通过对比研究不同水力停留时间(HRT)对填料TN去除效果的影响,得出适宜的HRT为30 min,填充率为10%的运行条件,在7. 2 m~3·d~(-1)的进水条件下经过1 a的稳定运行,TN去除率最高可达到90. 42%,出水总氮可稳定在5 mg·L~(-1)以下.通过对比反冲洗效果,确定了反冲洗强度为5. 2 L·(m~2·s)~(-1),周期为每3 d进行一次.高通量测序和荧光实时定量PCR分析结果表明,运行前后填料上反硝化功能菌属的丰度及拷贝数都有了明显增长,这说明细菌在包埋条件下可实现良好的自我生长.     

“后小康”时期我国排污许可制改革实施路线图研究

排污许可制度是发达国家普遍实行并证明行之有效的点源管理制度。"十三五"以来,我国以排污许可制度为核心的固定污染源管理体系进入快速高效构建期。2020年后,我国将进入"后小康社会"时期,排污许可制度改革与实施也将进入一个新时期。本文在充分研究目前排污许可制度改革面临问题的基础上,参考国际经验,提出"后小康"时期排污许可制改革的路线图。围绕环境质量改善,通过"后小康"时期排污许可制度的进一步改革与创新,使得中国排污许可制度更加完善、内容规范细致,让排污许可制真正成为固定污染源环境管理的核心制度,为确保"十九大"提出的"环境质量根本好转"的目标打下坚实基础。     

Is Agriculture in Need of Ethics?

The minister of Agriculture, Nature Management andFisheries of the Netherlands reflects on the question``Is agriculture in need of ethics?'' Changingnorms and values in society, the influence of newtechnologies (such as biotechnology) and theinternational trade liberalisation (WTO) providearguments for a positive answer on this question.     

A~2/O法应用于酒店污水处理工程的实例

某酒店污水处理工程设计规模 80 0m3 d ,进水CODCr2 50～ 30 0mg L ,BOD51 50～ 1 0 0mg L ,SS 1 4 0～ 1 2 0mg L ,氨氮2 5mg L ,动植物油 50mg L。采用处理工艺 ,2年来的运行效果显示 ,出水水质稳定达到广东省《水污染物排放限值》(DB4 4 2 6 2 0 0 1 )第二时段第一级标准。     

水解-好氧工艺处理生活污水

采用水解 好氧工艺 ,替代了WSZ F地埋式设备处理生活污水。既解决了设备腐蚀 ,又克服了停留时间不足的问题 ,同时提高了处理效果。     

China’s carbon neutrality: an extensive and profound systemic reform

● China has pledged ambitious carbon peak and neutrality goals for mitigating global climate change. ● Major challenges to achieve carbon neutrality in China are summarized. ● The new opportunities along the pathway of China’s carbon neutrality are discussed from four aspects. ● Five policy suggestions for China are provided. China is the largest developing economy and carbon dioxide emitter in the world, the carbon neutrality goal of which will have a profound influence on the mitigation pathway of global climate change. The transition towards a carbon-neutral society is integrated into the construction of ecological civilization in China, and brings profound implications for China’s socioeconomic development. Here, we not only summarize the major challenges in achieving carbon neutrality in China, but also identify the four potential new opportunities: namely, the acceleration of technology innovations, narrowing regional disparity by reshaping the value of resources, transforming the industrial structure, and co-benefits of pollution and carbon mitigation. Finally, we provide five policy suggestions and highlight the importance of balancing economic growth and carbon mitigation, and the joint efforts among the government, the enterprises, and the residents.     

从环境-社会系统的角度看"建设和谐社会"

环境-社会系统的三元结构是指人、社会和自然三元。可持续发展取决于对这三元运动机制的协调。从环境-社会系统的视角看。可持续发展是指通过三种生产的和谐运行与环境—社会系统的稳定演进．获得“经济-社会-环境”整体的高效益。人类社会发展的两大基本矛盾是资源生产的矛盾和资源配置的矛盾．因此。建设和谐社会的关键在于：在争取“人-社会-自然”和谐演进的前提下。处理好人与社会、人与自然、自然与社会以及自然的、社会的方方面面的“关系”。